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quinta-feira, 22 de dezembro de 2011

The emperor´s new clothes


Hoje vamos falar sobre a narração. Sobre contos, sobre histórias, sobre o "Era uma vez...".

Trata-se da chamada literatura maravilhosa.

Começamos por meio de um diálogo:

Uma das histórias preferidas de Ian é a Roupa nova do imperador, ou em inglês, The emperor´s new clothes.

Vamos ler a história que Diana contou para Ian:

Diana - The emperor´s new clothes again? What about Snow White (Branca de neve)?
Ian - Snow White? No way!
Diana - Ok, Ian. Let´s go! Are you ready?

Ian se sentou ao lado de Diana, qporque queria acompanhar as ilustrações, enquanto ouve a história.

THE EMPEROR´S NEW CLOTHES

Once upon a time there was an emperor who liked beautiful clothes very much. That was the only thing he used to yhink about, but he did not relize what his vanity was costing the nation. He cared so much about his wardrobe that he had more tailors than soldiers.

One day, two strangers arrived at the empire´s capital city.

"We are the master tailors of a faraway contry. We can make the most beautiful clothes in the world," they said.

"That is fantastic!" the emperor replied.

And they continued: "Our clothes have the magical quality of being invisible to anyone who is stupid or unfit for his office."

The emperor wanted these clothes so he gave them lots of money. But the two strangers just pretended they were making the clothes. The emperor was very curious and sent his prime minister to see how the work was coming along. The prime minister was shocked because he could not see the clothes. But he didn´t say a word. He was afraid of being stupid. In fact, nobody could see the clothes not even the emperor. But nobody said a word.

At last, the parade day arrived and the emperor went for a walk on the streets wearing what he thought were his new clothes.

People didn´t say anything. The emperor was naked. But suddenly, a little boy said:

"Daddy, the emperor has no clothes on!"

And his father replied:

"Be quiet! Don´t be silly!"

But the child repeated:

"The emperor has no clothes on!"

Everybody started to laugh and after a while, even the emperor laughed. And the master tailors laughed hardest of all - because they showed that it was more fun to admit you were silly together than to pretend you were wise alone.

A história de hoje foi uma adaptação do conto de Andersen, um autor que organizou diversos contos infantis que, pela narração oral, passavam de geração para geração em seu país.

Nessa história, vimos um imperador - que gostava muito de roupas e se preocupava muito pouco com seu reino - aprender uma lição.

Os contos infantis são uma espécie de narração. A narração consiste no relato de um fato, que pode ser real ou inventado por quem conta.

Dentro do texto narrativo, podemos encontrar alguns desses elementos:

. o fato que vai ser contado;
. as personagens;
. o narrador (aquele que conta o fato);
. o modo como o fato ocorreu;
. quando o fato ocorreu;
. onde se desenrolaram os acontecimentos que estão sendo narrados;
. os motivos que levaram as personagens àquele tipo de ação;
. as consequências da ação das personagens.

Outra característica da narrativa é a frequente presença de diálogos. Em português, usamos o travessão para indicar o começo da fala de cada uma das personagens:

Exemplo:
Ele chegou suando e exclamou:
- Desculpe o atraso!

Já em Inglês, as falas vêm entre aspas.
Exemplo:
"I´m sorry. I am late" said Mr.Smith.

Tradicionalmente, a narrativa tem começo, meio e fim.

No começo, o narrador introduz o assunto, situa o fato no tempo e no espaço e apresenta as personagens.

No meio, a ação se desenvolve, os protagonistas, que são as personagens principais, se vêem às voltas com um problema e caminham para a solução. As personagens que se opõem aos protagonistas, são os antagonistas. Eles representam problemas para as peronagens principais.

No final, o que se vê é a solução do problema e as consequencias da busca dessa solução na vida das personagens.

Na narração, há sempre uma mudança nas personagens, sendo essa uma das características fundamentais da narração.

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